- Published
SpaceX will attempt to catch both parts of its huge Starship rocket after it launches on its next test flight on Friday.
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it → publish → Friday
Elon Musk's company will use the mechanical arms - nicknamed chopsticks - on its launch tower to grab the rocket parts mid-air as they return to Earth.
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they → use → Earth
If successful, this will be the first full recovery of a rocket that's been to space, paving the way for making Starship reusable so it can fly repeatedly.
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it → pave → way
Nasa will be closely watching the flight: the SpaceX rocket is set to play a vital part in its Artemis programme, which will see astronauts land on the Moon.
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astronauts → watch → Moon
The 124m-tall rocket is scheduled to blast off from the Starbase launchpad in Texas at 1645 local time (2245 GMT) with a 75-minute-long launch window.
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rocket → schedule → window
After six and a half minutes, the first planned catch will be attempted when the bottom part of the rocket - the Super Heavy booster - returns to the launch tower.
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part → plan → tower
The top part of the rocket, called the Ship, will continue its journey to space and deploy 26 satellites.
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part → call → satellites
These will form part of the Starlink constellation that provides high speed internet from space.
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that → form → space
The Ship is then due to complete 14 orbits around the Earth before returning for the second catch attempt about 22 and a half hours after taking off.
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Ship → complete → attempt
Until now, SpaceX has managed to catch the Super Heavy Booster on three earlier test flights.
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SpaceX → manage → flights
But the upper stage of the rocket, which only reached orbit for the first time in September, has never been grabbed by the chopsticks.
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which → reach → chopsticks
Instead it's splashed down in the ocean.
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it → splash → ocean
SpaceX said it would only decide to try to catch the Ship after carefully assessing the vehicle while it's in space.
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it → say → space
If any problems are detected there are various points during the flight when the rocket stage can be brought down in the ocean.
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stage → detect → ocean
Building a fully reusable rocket is a long-held ambition for SpaceX.
In 2015, it became the first company to vertically land part of a rocket with its Falcon 9 booster.
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it → build → booster
Falcon 9 rockets now fly more than a hundred times a year, and the ability to reuse the bottom part of the rocket has dramatically cut the costs of launch.
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ability → fly → launch
But landing an entire Starship rocket could take this to the next level, says Prof Malcolm Macdonald, President of Royal Aeronautical Society.
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Macdonald → land → Society
"A successful double catch would be visually spectacular, but full reusability has the potential to fundamentally change the economics of accessing space," he said.
"
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he → have → space
One successful flight will not prove that model, but it could mark an important transition: from demonstrating that Starship can fly, to demonstrating how Starship could operate.
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Starship → prove → transition
"
After SpaceX went public earlier this year, its shareholders will be carefully monitoring this flight, as will the US Space Agency.
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Agency → go → flight
The progress of Starship has direct implications for Nasa's attempt to land humans on the Moon in 2028 - a highly ambitious timeline.
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progress → have → 2028
SpaceX has been given a Nasa contract to configure the Ship into a lander that will eventually take astronauts down to the lunar surface.
But it's not the only company working with the US Space Agency.
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it → give → Agency
Blue Origin, owned by rival tech billionaire Jeff Bezos, also has a contract to use its New Glenn rocket and lander for the Moon touch down.
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Origin → own → touch
Both companies will also play a key role in Artemis III, which is currently planned for summer 2027- another challenging schedule.
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which → play → summer
This mission will see four astronauts in Nasa's Orion spacecraft attempt to dock with both SpaceX and Blue Origin's landers.
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astronauts → see → SpaceX
Starship will need to make a lot of progress in the coming months to meet these commitments - the pace of the rocket's development has been far slower than SpaceX had intended.
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SpaceX → need → development
But Blue Origin also has much work to do.
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Origin → have → work
The company suffered a major setback earlier this year when its rocket exploded, totally destroying its launchpad in Florida.
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rocket → suffer → Florida
Blue Origin had said they would be back in action by the end of this year, but a return to flight has now been delayed to early in 2027.
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return → say → 2027
Nasa is under pressure to meet its timelines.
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Nasa → meet → timelines
Its administrator Jared Isaacman has said America is in a race with China to get to the Moon.
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America → say → Moon
China plans to land its Taikonauts on the lunar surface by 2030.
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China → plan → 2030