Recently, the world has collectively mourned the unexpected losses of several well-known public figures, from Dolly Parton and Gloria Steinem to Bob Mackie and Tim Curry.
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world → mourn → Mackie
Their deaths have hit fans, followers, and industry colleagues hard, and their tributes are going viral online.
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tributes → hit → fans
Although these celebrities primarily appear to us on screen or on stage, many people feel as though they know them personally because of the meaningful impact they’ve had on their lives.
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they → appear → lives
These are known as parasocial relationships or “nonreciprocal social-emotional connections” with public figures and celebrities, per the journal of Current Opinion in Psychology.
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These → know → Psychology
When a public figure or celebrity dies, we grieve collectively.
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we → die → ?
According to Gina Moffa, grief therapist and author of the book, Moving on Doesn’t Mean Letting Go, this happens when a large group of people mourns at the same time.
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group → accord → time
“This can be felt even if they never knew the person or community, or weren’t directly affected by the event,” says Moffa.
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Moffa → feel → event
And it isn’t limited to the passing of public figures and celebrities.
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it → limit → figures
Many people also experienced shared loss after 9/11, Sandy Hook, COVID-19, and the Nepal floods.
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people → experience → 9/11
In this current cultural moment, we’re seeing collective grief intersect with a psychological phenomenon called parasocial grief.
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grief → see → phenomenon
According to psychotherapist and NYU adjunct professor Olivia Verhulst, this can occur when there’s a one-sided sense of familiarity with a public figure after they die.
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they → accord → figure
“Relationships don’t need to be reciprocal for feelings to be real,” Verhulst says.
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Verhulst → need → ?
“Loss brings up a lot for all of us no matter what form it takes, whether it’s shock, disbelief, or confrontation with our own mortality.”
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it → bring → mortality
A small study in 2025 from the journal Acta Psychologica found that parasocial grief can negatively impact mental health and can lead to unhealthy coping mechanisms like substance use.
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grief → find → use
In comparison with individual grief, shared bereavement is more diffuse.
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bereavement → share → grief
“It doesn’t have the built-in rituals we rely on, like experiences of a funeral and traditional closure,” Moffa explains.
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Moffa → have → funeral
Therefore, when celebrities or public figures die, it’s now common practice to post online and engage in comments sections with other grievers.
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it → die → grievers
In this way, the comment sections become public memorials.
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sections → become → way
After Steinem’s passing, people expressed their gratitude and heartbreak by leaving flowers and cards outside her home.
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people → express → home
When Parton died, fans held up their iPhones with the flashlight on during Harry Styles concert at Madison Square Garden while her song, “I Will Always Love You,” played.
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I → die → You
Both of these in-person tributes circulated on social media and were widely shared.
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Both → circulate → media
Verhulst argues that the most significant difference in mutual sorrow is its “being witnessed” and it can offer more validation than individualized grief.
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it → argue → grief
“Given that human beings are fundamentally wired for connection, this broader sense of communal loss can feel comforting in many ways,” she says.
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she → give → ways
Shared bereavement isn’t a new idea; it dates back for centuries.
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it → share → centuries
At her funeral, there were an estimated one million people in-person and roughly 2.5 billion viewers who watched it on television.
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who → be → television
Society often pushes individual grievers to move on from their losses, rushing them to heal before they’re ready, which can lead to more people struggling alone.
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people → push → them
But in our current culture, shared bereavement has become more widely accepted.
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bereavement → share → culture
“Social media has become a kind of ‘modern funeral,’ a space where people can come together online, without the barriers of physical geography getting in the way,” Moffa says.
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Moffa → become → way
“For a lot of people, it’s become the primary place mourning happens now.”
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mourning → become → people
Research has found grieving together is more beneficial than doing it without help.
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grieving → find → help
A meta-review from 2022 in the journal Frontiers in Psychology discusses the theory of collective effervescence, a phrase coined by sociologist Émilie Durkheim, as it relates to mourning practices, public memorials, and communal storytelling after the loss of a public figure.
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it → discuss → figure
This “intense state of shared emotional activation and sense of unity” can help people feel connected in the long term to others who understand their pain.
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who → help → pain
“When Steinem and Parton passed within days of each other, comment sections turned into genuine gathering places, telling each other how these women shaped their lives.
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women → pass → lives
It made the feeling less isolating and more like something they were carrying alongside a whole community instead of alone,” Moffa says.
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Moffa → make → community
Working with a therapist, especially for cognitive behavioral therapy, can also be effective.
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Working → work → therapy
Treatment can give people a safe space to talk about discomfort and divulge feelings of loss over someone they didn’t know personally, with validation and without shame.
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they → give → shame
It can provide more insight into a person’s emotional state, to see if there’s any unresolved or prolonged grief.
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It → provide → state
Moffa suggests creating a small ritual in honor of that person, like playing their music, reading their books, or rewatching a favorite video clip.
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Moffa → suggest → clip
Then, write down what that person meant to you, rather than what they meant to the world, and talk about it with someone.
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they → write → someone
“This can provide validation and connection, instead of having to carry it alone,” she adds.
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she → provide → it
…and 6 more, not listed.
The Aporia
