Three years after Israel launched its genocidal war on Gaza following the Hamas-led October 7, 2023 attack on Israel, the Palestinian enclave has been transformed beyond recognition.
asserted
enclave → launch → recognition
Israel’s sustained aerial and ground assault has devastated vast parts of the Gaza Strip, destroying homes and neighbourhoods and severely damaging its infrastructure and essential services.
asserted
assault → devastate → infrastructure
Recommended Stories
list of 3 items- list 1 of 3‘Not the act of a friend’: Israel’s deadline to close UK consulate nears
- list 2 of 3In Gaza, we cannot even begin to recover from trauma
- list 3 of 3How
asserted
we → close → trauma
Palestinian reporters defied Israel’s genocide to redefine journalism
asserted
reporters → defy → journalism
The war has shattered the lives of a population of around two million people.
asserted
war → shatter → people
Repeated displacement and evacuation orders have uprooted families and communities, while more than 74,245 Palestinians have been killed, according to Gaza’s Ministry of Health.
uncertain
Palestinians → uproot → Health
Although a “ceasefire” was announced in October 2025, it has not brought an end to the suffering.
asserted
it → announce → suffering
The Ministry of Health says 1,462 Palestinians have been killed since the “ceasefire” took effect, while Israeli attacks and other military activity have continued across the Strip.
asserted
attacks → say → Strip
Years of war have brought the collapse of education, healthcare and the economy, while access to food, water, shelter and other basic necessities has become a daily struggle.
Surviving daily life
For people in Gaza, the war has changed not only where they live, but how they carry out the most ordinary parts of daily life.
asserted
they → bring → life
A home, running water, electricity and a mode of transport – the basic infrastructure of everyday life – no longer exist for many Palestinians in Gaza.
asserted
home → run → Gaza
In September, according to the UN, 94 percent of Gaza’s population remained in urgent need of shelter and basic household assistance, while 65 percent of households were living in tents or makeshift shelters offering little protection from the elements, having been forced from their homes by Israeli attacks or forced evacuation orders.
uncertain
percent → accord → attacks
Many families also lacked adequate bedding, lighting, kitchen equipment and sanitation facilities, according to the United Nations.
uncertain
families → lack → Nations
Water has become another daily challenge.
asserted
Water → become → ?
Ninety-one percent of assessed households experienced moderate-to-high water insecurity in early August, up from 84 percent in June, according to the UN.
uncertain
percent → assess → UN
Gaza has remained without a functioning electricity grid, leaving essential services and households dependent on generators and increasingly scarce fuel, engine oil and spare parts.
asserted
Gaza → remain → generators
Damaged roads and communications networks have also made transport, phone and internet access and access to basic services more difficult.
asserted
transport → make → services
The result is a daily life reorganised around survival: collecting water, charging a phone, cooking, washing and moving between services all require resources and planning that were once unnecessary.
asserted
that → reorganise → resources
Economic grief
Gaza’s economy has been devastated by the war, with the destruction of businesses and local industries leaving families with little income and sharply reduced purchasing power.
asserted
destruction → devastate → income
In September, the UN Conference on Trade and Development estimated that 92 percent of Gaza’s economic establishments had been damaged or destroyed since October 2023, while unemployment had reached 78 percent.
asserted
unemployment → estimate → percent
GDP per capita stood at just $212 in 2025, around 17 percent of its 2022 level.
asserted
GDP → stand → level
Agriculture and industry were each operating at just 6 percent of their 2022 output, while construction had fallen to 1 percent.
asserted
construction → operate → percent
The economic collapse has also made basic goods increasingly unaffordable.
asserted
goods → make → ?
Restrictions on the movement of goods have deepened the damage to Gaza’s economy, where most goods traded with the outside world have historically passed through Israeli-controlled crossings.
asserted
goods → deepen → crossings
The impact has been felt directly by consumers.
asserted
impact → feel → consumers
In September, prices remained around 200 percent above pre-October 2023 levels, according to the UN.
uncertain
prices → remain → UN
As jobs and incomes have disappeared, economic activity has increasingly centred on aid, debt and small-scale informal work.
asserted
activity → disappear → aid
Economic researcher Rami al-Zaygh told Al Jazeera that the war had “pushed society back decades”, reviving old professions and creating new types of work using basic tools and whatever resources are available.
asserted
resources → tell → tools
Many families in Gaza now rely on cash assistance from humanitarian groups.
asserted
families → rely → groups
Physical cash itself has become increasingly scarce, with people using digital payments and e-wallets instead.
asserted
people → become → payments
Struggle to study
The war has drastically changed education in Gaza.
asserted
war → study → Gaza
For nearly three years, hundreds of thousands of children had no regular access to in-person schooling as schools were damaged or destroyed, while many of those still standing are used as shelters.
asserted
many → have → shelters
Nearly 98 percent of schools have been damaged or destroyed, according to UNICEF.
uncertain
percent → damage → UNICEF
As of April 2026, around 700,000 children aged 4 to 17 had missed almost three consecutive years of in-person education.
asserted
children → miss → education
Instead of returning to classrooms, many children have been learning in tents and temporary learning spaces.
asserted
children → return → tents
Around 200,000 children have no access to education.
asserted
children → have → education
The disruption has also widened the gap in children’s learning.
asserted
disruption → widen → learning
The Palestinian Ministry of Education has warned of a serious loss of basic skills and a growing academic gap, with nearly three years of interrupted education threatening the long-term educational prospects of an entire generation.
asserted
years → warn → generation
Healthcare decimated
asserted
Healthcare → decimate → ?
Gaza’s health system has been pushed close to collapse.
asserted
system → push → collapse
All 36 of Gaza’s hospitals have been damaged, and only 19 are currently functioning, according to the World Health Organization.
uncertain
19 → damage → Organization
…and 27 more, not listed.
The Aporia
