We often think of science as a search for answers to a specific issue: a solution to a known problem, or a cure for a particular disease.
asserted
We → think → disease
That is why so many of the major scientific breakthroughs in human history have been born out of hunches, the product of imagination or serendipity, coupled with the brilliance and curiosity of a scientist to recognize the significance of a discovery.
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many → bear → discovery
For instance, graphene was born out of tangential research at the University of Manchester and is now used in everything from medical equipment and electronics to batteries and tennis racquets.
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graphene → bear → batteries
Scientific research invariably raises new questions.
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research → raise → questions
What begins as a narrow inquiry opens dozens of new avenues of investigation, each capable of taking the research in an entirely new direction.
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begins → begin → direction
The pursuit of science is, at its core, less a journey towards a destination than an evolving exercise in enlightened exploration.
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pursuit → evolve → exploration
It is through patient, painstaking work, driven by curiosity and pursued through personal dedication and sacrifice, that scientific advancement occurs.
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advancement → drive → dedication
Yet, too often, our tendency as a society is to celebrate the tangible breakthroughs and neglect the assiduous process that made them possible.
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them → celebrate → process
But by design, most are awarded decades after the breakthrough discovery being recognized was first made.
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discovery → award → design
Scientists, however, are typically most creative and productive early in their careers but fail to receive the financial support essential to reaching their full potential.
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Scientists → fail → potential
This quandary is replicated many times over within the wider world of institutional funding.
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quandary → replicate → funding
Public bodies and universities must decide which projects to back before they know where those ideas will lead.
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ideas → decide → projects
And with many talented scientists competing for finite resources, much promising research is lost.
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research → compete → resources
I would argue that this challenge, therefore, is felt most acutely by early-career scientists.
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challenge → argue → scientists
The pressure on them is not simply to demonstrate scientific progress, but to produce the kind of science that can be articulated succinctly in a grant application, attached to a clear set of deliverables, and ultimately defended as a sensible investment.
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that → demonstrate → investment
Something is lost if we focus too narrowly on supporting only what we can fully justify in advance.
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we → lose → advance
Not every research grant is funded, and difficult choices must be made in the best of funding environments.
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choices → fund → environments
But the nature of the funding matters too, and philanthropy must help broaden the level of support provided to young scientists.
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philanthropy → matter → scientists
This is where unrestricted funding plays an especially important role.
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funding → play → role
It recognizes and supports their talent, ideas, judgment, curiosity, and long-term potential.
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It → recognize → talent
The money provided can be used to buy new equipment, hire a new staff member, or simply pursue a new line of inquiry.
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money → provide → inquiry
It means having the space and time to evaluate an idea that might otherwise be too abstract for a regular grant application.
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that → mean → application
Unrestricted funding also provides scientists with freedom in a broader sense: it can relieve anxiety over rent, allow for a much-needed family vacation, or simply reduce financial pressure and give great thinkers more time to think about their science.
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it → provide → science
This is the principle upon which the Blavatnik Awards for Young Scientists was founded.
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Awards → found → Scientists
Awardees receive grants ranging from $15,000 to $250,000, the largest such prizes awarded to early-career scientists.
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Awardees → receive → scientists
Crucially, there are no conditions attached; it is up to the awardees themselves to decide how and where the money can make the greatest difference for their science.
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money → be → science
Philanthropy alone can never be a substitute for institutional or government funding, but it can play a vital role in driving discovery and human progress.
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it → play → discovery
It helps to create the conditions for greater risk-taking, unexpected advances, and the encouragement and retention of exceptional scientific talent.
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It → help → talent
And we have seen what can happen when that freedom is provided.
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freedom → see → ?
These early-career scientists have created over 50 companies, with a combined value exceeding $40 billion.
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scientists → create → billion
Among these success stories are Amprius, which develops high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries; Editas Medicine, a gene-editing company; and Revolution Medicines, which develops new treatments for cancer.
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which → develop → cancer
So is a breakthrough that fundamentally changes how we understand the world or a finding that opens an entirely new field of discovery.
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that → change → discovery
It is the gift of freedom to explore, experiment, and persevere.
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It → explore → freedom
It provides the freedom to ask questions without knowing where the answers might lead, which is the very essence of science.
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which → provide → science
The Aporia
