In short:
A female humpback whale was filmed interacting with its stillborn calf in waters off the Gold Coast last year.
asserted
whale → film → Coast
Researchers say the encounter was a rare example of the species showing "grieving behaviour".
asserted
species → say → behaviour
Scientists say more documentation is needed to better understand humpback whales' response to death and stress.
asserted
documentation → say → death
A video of a female humpback whale and its stillborn calf, taken near the Gold Coast, is a rare glimpse into the species' reaction to death, researchers say.
asserted
researchers → take → death
The footage, filmed in waters off Palm Beach in July last year, shows a whale interacting with its deceased calf immediately after giving birth.
asserted
whale → film → birth
The mother approaches the calf several times, touching it with its head and fin, then lies still alongside the newborn's body.
asserted
mother → approach → body
The female and another "escort" whale remained with the stillborn for at least two hours.
asserted
female → remain → hours
Members of the public spotted two adult humpbacks in the same area over the next two days, although it was not confirmed if they were the same animals.
asserted
they → spot → days
Dr Olaf Meynecke, a marine scientist at Griffith University's Whales and Climate Research Program, said the "post-mortem attentive behaviour", sometimes referred to as grieving behaviour, shown towards the calf had not been seen in humpback whales before.
asserted
behaviour → say → whales
Dr Meynecke co-authored a report of the encounter, published in the Discover Animals journal.
asserted
- → co → journal
"Having the background knowledge of the strong bond between mother and calf, and then witnessing the response of a female towards a stillborn is obviously a very unique way of observing animal behaviour and understanding what the responses might be when a situation like this occurs," Dr Meynecke said.
uncertain
Meynecke → have → this
"They were not travelling, they were not socialising, and they were staying in the same spot and milling or turning around in the same area.
asserted
they → travel → area
"We are seeing something here that suggests at least a strong attachment to this stillborn and clearly a change of behaviour after this event occurred."
uncertain
event → see → behaviour
SeaWorld Foundation rescue boat captain Andrew Mulville was on a day off fishing with his son when he was asked to check on the whales, which had been reported as acting strangely.
asserted
which → fish → whales
After he realised one of the whales had given birth to a stillborn calf, he decided to film the encounter with an underwater camera.
asserted
he → realise → camera
Mr Mulville said after 25 years caring for sick whales, seeing strandings and conducting rescues, he had a good understanding of their typical behaviour.
asserted
he → say → behaviour
"That was a huge part of what made me even think to put my head underwater in the first place because it was something I've never seen before," he said.
asserted
he → make → place
"It was a pretty powerful moment, but I suppose at the same time it was nature, and pretty emotional underwater with the sounds of both the mother and also a second adult companion animal there.
asserted
it → suppose → mother
Grieving behaviour has been more commonly observed among types of toothed whales and dolphins, including instances of Orca whales carrying dead calves for hours or days at a time.
asserted
whales → grieve → time
Dr Meynecke said dead humpback calves were much harder to observe, as they are less buoyant and often sink to the bottom of the ocean quickly.
asserted
they → say → ocean
He hopes that more people using drones while in the water will make it easier to document similar events in the future.
asserted
it → hop → future
"It does help us to understand animals in general much better, also hopefully understand our humpback whales better," Dr Meynecke said.
asserted
Meynecke → help → whales
"We can then start thinking about what it means for a whale to actually be entangled in fishing gear or to experience stress, and how long that impact might even last."
uncertain
impact → start → stress
Macquarie University whale scientist Dr Vanessa Pirotta, who was not involved in the report, said it was "challenging" to interpret the female whale's behaviour.
asserted
it → involve → behaviour
"For a humpback whale to give birth to a calf and it being stillborn, I would say that there would definitely be at least a reflection on potentially what has happened, given that this mother has been carrying this calf," Dr Pirotta said.
asserted
Pirotta → give → calf
She noted that while humans and whales can share similarities as mammals, it was important not to "anthropomorphise" the behaviour.
asserted
it → note → behaviour
"What we can do is we can learn from observations, and that's exactly what science is about," Dr Pirotta said.
asserted
Pirotta → learn → what
The Aporia
