The natural springs and ancient pools of the occupied West Bank have long provided a respite from the oppressive summer heat.
asserted
springs → occupy → heat
They also have been a lifeline for Palestinian communities, which rely on them for tourism and irrigation for their farmland.
asserted
which → rely → farmland
But for the 2.8 million Palestinians who live in the territory, those springs and the stone reservoirs they fill are increasingly out of reach as Israeli settlers — encouraged by a hard-line government facing reelection — have stepped up efforts both to seize the springs and other heritage sites.
asserted
settlers → live → springs
In one case this summer, water from a natural spring to the Palestinian village of Fasayil was illegally diverted to an ancient pool nearby.
asserted
water → divert → pool
Whoever siphoned the water used it to fill up that pool, declaring it a new tourist attraction named after Herod, the Roman-appointed king of Judea.
asserted
it → siphon → Judea
Agreements reached in the 1990s indicate the pool is located in Area C, meaning it is under full Israeli military control.
asserted
it → reach → control
Research by Dror Etkes, who runs the settlement watchdog group Kerem Navot, determined the land was privately owned.
asserted
land → run → group
Palestinian farmer Saad Nemer, from Fasayil, said the water being cut off has devastated his fields, adding that his family has documents that prove ownership of the land.
asserted
that → say → land
COGAT, Israel’s military body that oversees civil issues in the West Bank, acknowledged the water was diverted “without authorization” and said it would investigate.
asserted
it → oversee → authorization
Other swimming areas in the West Bank have also become sites of conflict.
asserted
areas → become → conflict
An Israeli father of six was shot and killed last week by a Palestinian at a spring in the northern West Bank, where he was bathing with his oldest son ahead of the Yom Kippur holiday.
asserted
he → shoot → holiday
Israel funds Jewish heritage projects in the West Bank
Israel has occupied the West Bank since it captured the territory, along with east Jerusalem and the Gaza Strip, from Jordan and Egypt in the 1967 war.
asserted
it → fund → war
Since then, it has built a network of settlements for more than half a million Israelis on land Palestinians seek for a future independent state.
asserted
Palestinians → build → state
The international community overwhelmingly considers the settlements illegal.
asserted
settlements → consider → ?
Earlier this month, during a rise in settler violence and other actions that have displaced Palestinians, the British government accused Israel of turning “a blind eye” to what it described as “ethnic cleansing of Palestinians in areas of the West Bank — perpetrated by settler terrorists.”
asserted
it → displace → terrorists
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has condemned the violence but blamed it on a “handful of rioters” in the occupied West Bank he said do injustice to the “law-abiding settler public.”
The push to take over and claim heritage sites is part of this wider effort, according to Israeli rights group B’Tselem, which said in a report this month that such designations are used to “elevate the historical, cultural, and religious ties of the State of Israel and the Jewish people to the West Bank.
uncertain
designations → condemn → Bank
The decision by settlers to name the pool near Fasayil after Herod was an attempt to “brand” the site as part of Jewish history, said Alon Arad, executive director of Emek Shaveh, an Israeli group that opposes the politicization of archaeology in Israel and the Palestinian territories.
asserted
that → name → Israel
Archaeologists have never studied the site, so it’s unclear when it was built.
uncertain
it → study → site
Other ruins in the area date to Herod’s reign in the first century B.C.E., according to excavations conducted by the archaeology unit of Israel’s Civil Administration, a branch of the military that manages day-to-day affairs in the West Bank.
uncertain
that → date → Bank
At the beginning of October, after the Jewish holidays, the pool will be drained so that the administration’s archaeologists can complete a full survey of the site, Heritage Minister Amichai Eliyahu said in an interview with The Associated Press.
asserted
Eliyahu → drain → Press
He praised the group that originally diverted the water and said about $1 million has been earmarked by the government to rehabilitate the site.
asserted
million → praise → site
That is out of at least $166 million he said is now allocated for excavations and infrastructure at more than 100 sites he claimed are connected to Jewish heritage in the West Bank.
asserted
he → say → Bank
“We’ll turn this place into the Garden of Eden,” Eliyahu said during a visit to the pool, which is near the Petzael settlement.
asserted
which → turn → settlement
There is “no such thing as a Palestinian nation” he added, before leaping into the water.
asserted
he → be → water
Fields dry up as water is seized
The struggle for water access in this strip of fertile land reflects a wider contest for control of the West Bank, and in particular the Jordan Valley, which Palestinians consider the breadbasket of their hoped-for future state and Israelis view as key to protecting their eastern border.
asserted
Israelis → dry → border
Palestinians have faced water shortages and restrictions since Israel took control in 1967.
asserted
Israel → face → 1967
Interim peace accords in the 1990s recognized their water rights but preserved a system that allocated some 80% of water pumped from the main aquifer for Israeli use.
asserted
that → recognize → use
Now, soaring attacks by settlers are exacerbating the problem.
asserted
attacks → soar → problem
Settlers have damaged, destroyed or seized approximately 160 water and sanitation structures, including pipelines and cisterns, in Palestinian communities in 2026, according to a July report from the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
uncertain
Settlers → damage → Affairs
The attackers are increasingly targeting shared water infrastructure and have disrupted supply to all or large parts of several Palestinian communities, the report said.
asserted
report → target → communities
In Al Auja, in the Jordan Valley, the seizure by settlers of the local natural springs has forced some Palestinian farmers to abandon their fields.
asserted
seizure → force → fields
Murad al-Juba, 53, once grew an abundance of fruit and vegetables, including cantaloupes, eggplant, bananas and tomatoes.
asserted
Juba → grow → cantaloupes
But after settlers encroached, harassing residents and diverting the spring water, he said he has been unable to plant.
asserted
he → encroach → water
“All these farms depend on the spring, but today, the spring is gone, because the settlers took it,” Juba said.
asserted
Juba → depend → it
More recently, “settlers have completely taken over” the spring’s waterfall and turned “the area into a quasi-military zone,” said mayor Hani al-Njoum, adding it has been devastating for local tourism and agriculture.
asserted
it → take → tourism
“This land was bountiful,” Juba said.
asserted
Juba → say → ?
___
Bwaitel reported from Al Auja, West Bank.
asserted
Bwaitel → report → Auja
The Aporia
