Will elections bring change to multi-ethnic Bosnia and Herzegovina?

On October 4, Bosnia and Herzegovina held national elections, a complex vote involving around 3.4 million voters, who chose members of the tripartite presidency, lawmakers for the national Parliament, and heads of institutions for the country’s two entities: the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska. The election was significant due to ongoing tensions between ethnic groups—Bosniaks, Serbs, and Croats—and concerns about Russia's influence in the region through politicians like pro-Russian Milorad Dodik, who has been banned from public office but continues to wield considerable influence despite not appearing on the ballot. Voters expressed frustration over economic issues, slow progress towards joining the European Union, and persistent political gridlock. The election results could impact Bosnia’s EU bid and the balance of power between local ethnic parties and multi-ethnic opposition coalitions.