France avoided a repeat of large-scale violence and looting that marred nationwide protests a week ago, suggesting the government’s decision to boost police numbers and contain marches paid off.
asserted
decision → avoid → marches
About 110,000 people took part in a mostly peaceful demonstration confined to the edge of Paris on Saturday and another 300,000 turned out across the country, according to the Interior Ministry.
uncertain
300,000 → take → Ministry
The CGT union put the figure at 800,000.
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union → put → 800,000
Some scuffles broke out, especially on the margins and at the end of processions, with hundreds of masked individuals dressed in black taking on security personnel, who used tear gas and water cannon to disperse crowds.
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who → break → crowds
While the level of violence toward the police was again high, Interior Minister Laurent Nunez said authorities were able to prevent the looting of shops and damage to buildings seen on Oct. 17.
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authorities → say → Oct.
He blamed the clashes on the ultra left, which he said was seeking to “start and finish the uprising.”
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he → blame → uprising
“All the warning signs were there so that we put in a place a significant presence,” he said late on Saturday.
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he → put → Saturday
“We will of course remain fully focused in the days and weeks ahead to face up to this threat, because it is a threat.”
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it → remain → threat
A total of 1,314 people had been arrested by Sunday morning, after a “calm night,” the Interior Ministry said in a statement, about half the number compared with last weekend.
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Ministry → arrest → weekend
The government deployed some 70,000 security officials, including elite anti-terror forces, after being caught flat-footed a week ago, when nationwide demonstrations drew more than half a million people and descended into violence and looting.
asserted
demonstrations → deploy → violence
Rioters attacked public buildings and broke into stores across the country, including in the capital, as well as fighting with police and setting fire to cars.
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Rioters → attack → cars
French President Emmanuel Macron, the target of much of the anger, on Thursday acknowledged “planning failings and elements of surprise.”
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Macron → acknowledge → surprise
For the latest protests, soldiers were brought in to guard sensitive buildings, and helicopters and armored vehicles known as Centaurs were made available on Saturday.
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helicopters → bring → Saturday
Some cities banned protests and extended curfews.
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cities → ban → curfews
Museums including Paris’s Louvre were closed, while many shops were boarded up.
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shops → include → Louvre
A football match between Paris Saint-Germain and Olympique Lyonnais in Paris was postponed.
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match → postpone → Paris
The protest movement began last month with high schoolers blockading establishments, calling for more teachers, repairs to buildings and an end to Parcoursup, a computerized college admissions system.
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schoolers → begin → Parcoursup
Nathanaël Combary, of the Renouveau Lycéen high school union, which is due to meet with Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu on Monday, said students were ready to continue demonstrating in the absence of concrete measures.
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students → meet → measures
“The period of dialogue has lasted long enough,” he told Sunday newspaper La Tribune Dimanche.
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he → last → dialogue
“We now expect action.”
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We → expect → action
One site has already called for another round of protests on Oct. 31, while labor unions are calling for a major day of strikes and protests on Nov. 5.
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unions → call → Nov.
The CGT pledged to expand the movement until its demands are met.
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demands → pledge → movement
“The anger is immense, and our determination is even greater,” the CGT said in a statement.
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CGT → say → statement
“The government and employers must urgently respond to our social demands.”
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government → respond → demands
Backed by a disparate group of social media figures, students, unions and left-wing parties, Saturday’s demonstrations were framed as an “Acte II,” or second round, of the movement, which still has majority support in polls.
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which → back → polls
An Ipsos-BVA-Cési École d’ingénieurs survey for Le Parisien published on Saturday showed that while far-right candidate Marine Le Pen is still firmly in the lead ahead of next April’s presidential election, the far-left France Unbowed leader, Jean-Luc Mélenchon, has also received a boost from the unrest and stands in second place, ahead of various centrist competitors.
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leader → publish → competitors
The poll of 1,500 adults was taken online on Oct. 21 and Oct. 22.
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poll → take → Oct.
Mélenchon has been blamed by political rivals for stoking tensions, while he has accused the police of violence and called on Macron to give in to the movement’s demands or risk having to do so in much more hazardous conditions.
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he → blame → conditions
The unrest has come amid concerns about France’s public finances that has pushed a closely watched gauge of bond risk to levels last seen during the euro-area debt crisis.
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that → come → crisis
The bloc’s second-biggest economy dodged a downgrade at Moody’s Ratings late on Friday, but the company warned that the widespread protests “could constrain fiscal consolidation efforts.”
uncertain
protests → dodge → efforts
Analysts expect expansion of just 0.1% after zero growth in the previous quarter, adding to the fiscal challenge faced by the government.
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Analysts → expect → government
Protests continued elsewhere in Europe over the weekend too.
asserted
Protests → continue → weekend
About 100 people were arrested in Barcelona while thousands marched in cities across Italy amid a heavy police presence, with scattered clashes reported.
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clashes → arrest → presence
Albania’s capital of Tirana continued to be rocked by demonstrations against its prime minister.
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capital → continue → minister
Protesters burned containers, vandalized shops, and threw stones at police in the area around Catalunya Square in central Barcelona.
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Protesters → burn → Barcelona
About one-quarter of those detained were minors, Nuria Parlon, the Catalan head of security, and Jaime Collboni, mayor of Spain’s second largest city, said at a joint press conference.
asserted
Parlon → detain → conference
The Aporia
